Coadministration with other vaccines
It was previously recommended that COVID-19 vaccines be administered alone, with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after the administration of any other vaccine. This was out of an abundance of caution and not due to any known safety or immunogenicity concerns. However, substantial data has now been collected regarding the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized by the FDA for use in the US.
Although no data are available for COVID-19 vaccines administered simultaneously with other vaccines, extensive experience with non-COVID-19 vaccines has shown that immunogenicity and adverse event profiles are generally similar when the vaccines are administered simultaneously as when they are administered. They manage alone.
COVID-19 vaccines and other vaccines can now be administered regardless of timing.
This includes simultaneous administration of COVID-19 vaccines and other vaccines on the same day, as well as co-administration within 14 days. It is unknown whether the reactogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine increases with coadministration, even with other vaccines that are known to be more reactogenic, such as adjuvanted vaccines or live vaccines.
When deciding whether to coadminister other vaccine(s) with COVID-19 vaccines, providers should consider whether the patient is behind or at risk of being late with recommended vaccines, their risk of vaccine-preventable disease (e.g. , During an outbreak or occupational exposures) and the reactogenicity profile of vaccines.
If multiple vaccines are given at a single visit, give each injection at a different injection site. For adolescents and adults, the deltoid muscle can be used for more than one intramuscular injection.
Best practices for multiple injections include:
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COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection
People with previous or current SARS-CoV-2 infection
The vaccine should be offered to people regardless of their history of symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection; this includes people with long-term post-COVID-19 symptoms.
Data from clinical trials indicate that the currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines can be safely administered to people with evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Viral testing to assess acute SARS-CoV-2 infection or serological testing to assess prior infection is not recommended for vaccine decision-making purposes.
Vaccination of persons with known current SARS-CoV-2 infection should be postponed until the person has recovered from the acute illness (if the person had symptoms) and has met the criteria to discontinue isolation. This recommendation applies to people who experience a SARS-CoV-2 infection before receiving any vaccine dose and to those who experience a SARS-CoV-2 infection after the first dose of an mRNA vaccine but before receiving the second dose.
While there is no minimum recommended interval between infection and vaccination, current evidence suggests that the risk of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 is low in the months following initial infection, but may increase over time due to decreased immunity.
